Inversions are known to influence reproductive isolation 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and other evolutionary processes such as recombination 8 and hybridization between species 14, with a variety of consequences 15. Copy number variants (CNVs) in particular influence quantitative traits in microbes, plants and animals, including agriculturally important traits and a variety of human diseases 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. Nevertheless, it is clear that SVs have strong effects on various biological processes. SVs, including deletions, duplications, insertions, inversions and translocations, are the most difficult to type and consequently the least well described. Collectively, these findings have broad implications for evolution and for our understanding of quantitative traits including complex human diseases.Ī variety of genetic changes can influence the biology of species, including single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), small insertion-deletion events (indels), transposon insertions and large structural variations (SV). CNVs make substantial contributions to quantitative traits, most notably intracellular amino acid concentrations, growth under stress and sugar utilization in winemaking, whereas rearrangements are strongly associated with reproductive isolation. These transient CNVs produce stoichiometric effects on gene expression both within and outside the duplicated regions. We show that copy number variants (CNVs) show a variety of genetic signals consistent with rapid turnover. pombe strains, including duplications, deletions, inversions and translocations. We establish a high-quality curated catalogue of SVs in the genomes of a worldwide library of S. We analyse the effects of SVs on gene expression, quantitative traits and intrinsic reproductive isolation in the yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
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